逃出荒岛:新概念英语第一册第一课教案1
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LESSON 1 Excuse me! 对不起!
教学目的:陈述句的结构
一般疑问句的结构
肯定和否定回答
重点句型:Excuse me.
Is this your handbag?
Thank you very much.
重点知识:陈述句和一般疑问句的结构和转化
陈述句(包括肯定的或否定的)用来叙述一项事实,读降调,句末用句号。
一、肯定句变为否定句
1、 含be动词或情态动词的句子
秘诀:加,即直接在be动词或者情态动词的后面直接加not,其他的不变。
2. 不含be动词或情态动词的句子,即只含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
秘诀:一加二改
一加:即在谓语动词前加助动词Do或Does;
二改:把谓语动词改为原形(主语是第三人称单数时,其他人称时不变)
加强记忆口诀:肯变否,can或be后加not
谓语若为行为动,动词前加do not 或 does not
二、陈述句变为一般疑问句
对某一情况是不是事实提出质疑,通常可以用YES或NO回答.一般疑问句通常要用升调.
一般疑问句的结构: be动词/have/助动词/情态动词+ 主语+其他成分+?
1、 含be动词或情态动词的句子
秘诀:一调二改三问号
一调:即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前;
二改:改换主语称谓,如果句中的主语是I /my /mines/we/our/ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称you/your/yours等;
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。如:
Eg1. I am an English teacher.→ Are you an English teacher?
Eg2. We can speak English fluently.→Can you speak English fluently?
2、含be动词或情态动词的句子,即只含行为动词(或称为实义动词)的句子
秘诀:一加二改三问号
一加:即在句首加助动词Do或Does;
二改:1、把谓语动词改为原形(主语是第三人称单数时);2、改换主语称谓(如需要);
三问号:句末的句号改为问号。
Eg3. We read English every morning. → Do you read English every morning?
Eg4. Tom’s father listens to English on the radio every evening. →
Does Tom’s father listen to English on the radio every evening?
特别注意:对于行为动词一定要注意动词的还原,因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了
加强记忆口诀: “肯变疑,并不难,can 或be提在前;
谓语若为行为动,do 或does句首用。”
3. 一般疑问句的肯定回答、否定回答。
Yes, 主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词.
No, 主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+ not.
四、生词和短语
1. lesson
A)名词 n 功课,课,课业,课程
Lesson 1 第一课
让学生用其他数字代替掌握该词,比如 Lesson 2,同时要理解中英文数字与课程位置的差异。可延伸出 第一单元 Unit 1一班 Class 1 三年级 Grade 3
B) 名词 n 经验,教训
Learn one’s lesson 吸取教训
We can learn his lesson. 我们可以吸取他的教训。
Excuse
A) 名词 n 借口,理由
He can make an excuse for his mistake.
B) 及物动词 原谅
2. excuse 对不起。
用于提醒人注意,请人让路,打断别人说话,中途退席,请人再说一遍,请人原谅,也可用于当碰撞别人或打呵欠、打嗝时或者表示异议或转换时,其后接but 连接的句子
Excuse me, but I have to go now. 不好意思我现在得走了。
延伸: excuse + 动名词
Excuse sb for + 动名词 原谅某人什么。
Excuse me for bothering you. 原谅我打扰你。
C) 及物动词 免除
常用于被动语态,与from 连用
Be excused from
3. Me 人称代词 pron
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
4. Yes 副词 adv 是的
反义词 no
a) 用于回答一般疑问句,肯定是yes,否定时用 no
b) 回答否定疑问句时,yes 和 no 的用法与汉语的习惯不同,不管问话是肯定还是否定,如果回答是肯定的用yes,否定的用no,而翻译时yes应译成“不”。
例句: Don’t you like it ? 你难道不喜欢它吗?
Yes, I do. 不,我喜欢。
No, I don’t. 是,我不喜欢。
c) 在回答反义疑问句时,是根据事实来回答,如果事实情况是肯定的,用yes,否定的用 no。
d) Yes? 单独使用时表示有什么事的意思。 升调。
e) yes man 唯唯诺诺的人
5. is 联系动词
原形是be,用于第三人称单数现在时
am 用于第一人称单数现在时
are 用于第一、二人称复数和第二人称单复数现在时
人称
缩写
缩写
第一人称
I am
I’m
we are
we’re
第二人称
you are
you’re
you are
you’re
第三人称
she is
she’s
they are
they’re
he is
he’s
it is
it’s
6. this 指示代词 pron 这 复数 these 这些
反义词 that 那 复数 those 那些
This bear is big, but that bear is bigger.
7. your 形容词性物主代词 possessive adjective
人称
单数
复数
第一
第二
第三
第一
第二
第三
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
8. handbag 名词 手提包(女用)
合成词 football, afternoon, daughter-in-law,son-in-law,
briefcase 公文包
bag 包
wallet 男式钱包
purse 女式钱包
boot 行李箱
package
9. pardon
a)感叹词 interjection 原谅,请再说一遍
词的分类: 名词 动词 介词 形容词 副词 代词 数词 感叹词 冠词 连词
b)名词. 饶恕, 原谅2. 赦免;特赦
I beg your pardon.
书本说pardon?的全句是I beg your pardon. 这是不准确的。
c) 及物动词宽恕, 原谅,(表示礼貌时常用的词语)2. 赦免;特赦
pardon sb (for doing) sth 原谅某人某事
please pardon him ______ wrong, because he is only a child.
A. is B. do C. to do D doing
10. Thank you.
回答
You’re welcome. 不用谢。
(It’s) my pleasure. 别客气,这是我高兴做的。
No problem. 不客气;不用谢
Not at all. 别客气;不用谢;哪儿的话
That’s all right. That’s right. 没什么;不用谢
That’s OK. 没什么;不用谢
It’s nothing.
Any time. 不用谢;不客气;有事说一声
四、练习:( 陈述句一般疑问句的转化,一般疑问句的肯定和否定回答,复数形式等)
1. It is a lovely dog.________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
2. She is lovely girl.________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
3. He is my father._________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
4. They are Lily’s cousins. ___________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
5. We are classmates. ______________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
6. I am a doctor. ________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
7. There is a bird in the tree. ________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
8. There are many stars in the sky. ____________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
9. They are good friends. ____________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
10. I love my parents. _______________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
11. I play computer games every night. _________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
12. There are many books on the shelf. __________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
13. There is an ostrich in the zoo. _______________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
14. We have a pleasant home. _________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
15. We like to climb the mountain. ______________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
16. They go to church on Sunday. ____________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
17. They walk to school every morning. __________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
18. It is a beautiful park. _____________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
19. It is a big map. ______________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
20. You are a singer. ______________________________
________________________________________
_______________________________________
2. 用do does be或人称代词 填空
1. _____ she know all the answers ?
Yes , she ____ . No, she _____.
2. _____ the twins often fight ?
Yes ,_____ do. No, _____ don’t.
3. _____ your dad like listening to music?
Yes ,____ does . No, _____ doesn’t.
4._____ uncle Tom wash his car everyday? Yes , ____ does . No, ____ doesn’t.
5. _____ you have a new teacher?
Yes , I ______. No, I ______.
6._____ she a teacher?
Yes, she _____ . No, she _____.
7. ______ you playing ball now?
Yes, I ______. No, I ______.
8. ______ the pig like to sleep?
Yes, it ______. No, it _____.
9. ______ five birds flying in the sky?
Yes, they _____ .No, ____ aren’t.
10. _____ your father smoking in the living room?
Yes, ____ is .No, he _____.
3. 翻译
1. 对不起,打扰一下。
2. 有什么事吗?
3. 这是你的包吗?
4. 对不起,请再说一遍.
5. 是的
6. 非常感谢
4. 延伸练习
1.Mary left her pen at home the day before yesterday.
______Mary_____her pen at home the day before yesterday?
2..The shop sold the kind of cares well.
_______ the shop____the kind of cares well?
3. Mary’s bell rang at 6:00 of yesterday.
______ Mary’s bell______ at 6:00 of yesterday?
4. Nick drank too much last Sunday.
_______Nick ______too much last Sunday?
5.John made three bikes three days ago.
______John______three bikes three days ago?
6.My teacher said hello to me yesterday.
______ your teacher______hello to me yesterday?
7.Millie learnt well at school.
______ Millie______well at school?
8.Miss Yang taught us three times a week.
_______ Miss Yang_____us three times a week?
4. 单词会读会写,文章会背