魔力宝贝哥布林红头盔:必修4 Unit 4 Body language知识点复习

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Unit 4 Body language

核心单词

1. represent

vt. 象征;表示;作为……的代表;代表;(尤指以绘画,雕刻等)表现;描绘;描写

The red lines on the map represent railways.

这张地图上的红线代表铁路。

He was picked out from the whole class to represent them at the other school.

他被挑选出来作为全班同学的代表,到另一所学校去。

She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world. 她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。

联想拓展

representative n. 代表;众议员

adj. 典型的;有代表性的

representation n. 表现;陈述;代理

易混辨析

represent/stand for/on behalf of

        represent代表某人/某个团体/政府等,或指某种标志代表什么,某物表现/描绘的是什么

       stand for 通常指字母、数字、符号等代表/象征什么。

       on behalf of 指代表/代替某人,只能作状语。

高手过招

选词填空(represent/representation/representative)

Each  colour on the chart       a different department.

The        were all amazed by what had happened in the factory.

Our company has no         in Africa.

答案: represents representatives representation

2. approach

vt.接近,走进;着手处理

n. 接近,临近;方法,途径

He approached me with stealthy steps. 他悄然走近我。

Our approach scared the butterfly and it flew away.

我们走近时把那只蝴蝶吓跑了。

易混辨析

approach/way/method/means

      approach除了意为方法之外,还有接近的意思。an approach to(介词)“……的方法

      way构成in the way“用这种方法;the way to do/the way of doing (to为不定式)“做某事的方法

      method构成with a method  “用一种方法

      means 意为方式方法。单复数同形构成by means of “通过……方法

He put up a new approach to the difficulty.

他提出了解决这个困难的新方法。

Can you tell me the way to work out the  maths  problem?

你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗?

We should improve our teaching method, with which we can make ourselves understood better.

我们应该改善我们的教学方法,用这些方法,可以使学生更好的理解我们。

We arrived there by means of plane. 我们坐飞机到达那儿。

高手过招

(1)单项填空

There is no easy       to the mathematics.                                  

A. Way   B. mean   C. method   D. approach

(2)单句改错                                                                                    

His approach for the problem is special and proves good.

All the approaches of the airport were blocked by the police.

(1)解析Dapproach方法可与to连用意为“……的方法”;means方式不可与to连用;methods with 搭配;wayofto连用to为不定式。

(2)forto。解析approach在句中意为方法步骤后面与介词to 连用。

of to。解析:approach在句中意为入口;通路,后面与介词to 连用

3.  defence

n. 保卫,防御;防卫设备;(被告的)答辩;辩护

常用结构:

in  defence  of保卫……;为……辩护

注意: defence后接入侵者造成危害者时用介词 against;若后接被保护者时用介词 of

The forest will act as a  defence against desert dust.

森林能起到防御沙漠尘土的作用。

This fort was once the main  defence of the island.

这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上主要的防御设施。

The  defence of the accused was rather weak.

被告人的辩护软弱无力。

联想拓展

defend v. 防护;辩护;防守;保卫

The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.

建这个围墙是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。

易混辨析

defend/protect/guard/preserve

       这四个词都有使安全或保持安全状态不遭受危险、攻击或伤害的意思,但它们之间还有些差异。

       defend 含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思。

       protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思。

      guard 含有看守的意思。

      preserve 含有采取措施维护……的安全的意思。

高手过招

完成句子                                                       

那位警察看守犯人。

The policeman         the prisoners.

当那只狗攻击我时,我拾起一根木棍自卫。

When the dog attacked me, I picked up a stick and       myself.

他戴着墨镜以防他的眼睛被强烈的太阳光晒伤。

He wears sunglasses to           his eyes from the strong sunlight.

 答案:guarded defended protect

4. close

adv. 接近地靠近地紧密地常与介词to连用

adj. 近的接近的(关系)密切的严密的(尤指比赛)势均力敌的

v. 结束关闭

His house is close to the factory. 他家靠近这个工厂。

易混辨析

close/closely

      close 是指距离、场所、地点等的接近靠近可以说是一种实际意义上的接近

      closely是指抽象意义上的接近,多用比喻意义,有亲密地;严密地;仔细地等含义。

close closely这种意义上的区别,我们可以很轻松地区别high/highlywide/widely

deep/deeply等一类词。带ly的副词往往用作抽象意义或比喻意义,而不带ly的副词多用作实际意义。

The thief came close to him and stole the money from his pocket. 小偷走近他,把他口袋里的钱偷走了。

Good teaching and good testing are closely related.

出色的教学工作与完善的测试制度密切相关。

高手过招

选词填空(close/closely                               

It was very cold, so the little girl stood        to her mother.

The policeman examined the room         to find the lost jewels.

答案: close  closely

5. curious

adj.好奇的,感兴趣的;奇异的,不同寻常的

The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children. 外国游客被一群好奇的孩子包围着。

He is suffering from a curious disease.

他患了一种奇怪的病。

常用结构:

be curious about ……感到好奇

be curious to do 急于做/极想做

联想拓展

curiosity n.好奇

curiously adv. 好奇地

out of curiosity 出于好奇

I asked out of mere curiosity. 

我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。

高手过招

单项填空

I was         to find out what he said.               

Strange B. amusing C. curious D.conscious

解析:选C。考查形容词词义辨析。strange 奇怪的;amusing 令人快乐的;curious 好奇的;conscious 有意识的。

6. likely

adj. 可能的(表示可能性很大时,可用mostvery修饰likely

常用结构:

It is likely that sb. ...

=sb.is likely to do...某人可能做某事

not likely (表示坚决不同意)绝不可能;绝对不会

易混辨析

possible/probable/likely

      possible表示客观上潜在的可能性,也许实际发生的可能性并不大;一般不用表示人的词作主语。只有 possible 后面可以接 for sb. to do sth.likelyprobable 都不能。

      probable表示有几分根据的推测possible表示的可能性大。换句话说probable有可能是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。一般不用表示人的词作主语。

likely强调表面上看来有可能probable意思接近有时可以互换likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断probable则指经过权衡正反两方面的理由后相信某事是真实的或大概会发生。只有 be likely 前面的主语可以是人,而 possible probable则不能。

It is possible to transmute one form of energy into another.

把某种形态的能量改变成另一种形态的能量是可能的。

It is possible that the first people crossed into Austalia from Asia on a great land bridge.

第一批从亚洲进入澳大利亚的人可能是从一座巨大的陆地桥上过去的。

It is probable that our school will buy a new computer.

我们学校很有可能买一台新电脑。

It is probable that she forgot.她很可能是忘了。

It’s very likely that he’ll succeed.

=He is very likely to succeed.  他极有可能成功。

I’m hardly likely to finish it within a week.

我不可能在一周内把它干完。

高手过招

单项填空

I can’t go out. It is very              that Mary will ring me tonight.                  2010·山东聊城模块检测)

A. Likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhaps

Tom was         to win first prize in the competition, but his illness made him miss the chance.                                          

Possible  B. probable  C. likely  D.   Maybe

 解析A。四个选项中只有likely是形容词且符合习惯搭配其他三个选项都是副词。

②解析:选Cmaybe 是副词,故可排除D项。句子是人作主语,故只能选likely

7. ease

n. 安逸;舒适

v. 减轻(痛苦,忧虑);缓和;放松

The injection brought her immediate ease.

她经过注射后,疼痛消失了。

常用结构:

at ease 感到舒适而无忧虑;感到放松,不拘束

with ease 毫不费劲地,轻而易举地

We are at ease for your safe return.

见您平安归来,我们感到放心了。

The question was so easy that I could answer it with ease.

这个问题如此简单以至于我回答得很轻松。

高手过招

(1)单项填空

He felt completely       ease         Mary.     

A. at; with  B .at ; to  C. with; with  D. to; to

(2)完成句子                                                  

①听说孩子们都很安全,她才放心。

Her mind                                knowing that the children were safe.

她不断练习奏鸣曲直到熟练为止。

She practiced until she could play the sonata            .

(1)解析:选A。句意为:他和玛丽在一起时感到完全放松。根据句意可知,选A

(2)was at ease  with ease

重点短语

8. lose face

丢脸,丢人

You’ll lose face if you don’t keep your promise.

你如果没有遵守诺言,会丢脸的。

When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had lost face with his friends.

汤姆没能打败对手,这让他在朋友面前很丢脸。

联想拓展

lose heart 泄气;灰心

lose one’s heart to 爱上;钟情于

lose weight 减肥

lose one’s way 迷路

lose one’s life 丧生

lose courage 丧失勇气

lose sight of 看不见

高手过招

单项填空

In order not to      , he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.                                          

A .lose courage              B. lose heart

C. lose face                     D. lose voice

 解析:选C。句意为:为了不丢面子,他花了整个晚上准备第二天的演讲。lose face 丢人,丢脸。

重点句型

9. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.

我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区,好奇地向四周张望。

looking around是现在分词作伴随状语。

联想拓展

伴随状语的特点

它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。

He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.

他坐在扶手椅里读报纸。

All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.

他整夜躺在床上睡不着,思考着那个问题。

高手过招

单项填空

You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted,     away.

A. Run   B. running    C. to run   D. ran

He glanced over at her       that though she was tinyshe seemed very well put together.                                                       

A. noting          B. noted     C. to note         D. having noted

解析Brunning作伴随状语, 因为逻辑主语Janetrun 之间呈主动关系,且run与谓语动词shouted的动作同时发生,所以用现在分词作伴随状语。

②解析:选Anoting 作伴随状语,意为注意到;发现。因为 he note 呈主动关系,且 note 与谓语动词 glanced 的动作同时发生,所以用现在分词作伴随状语。

10. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.

各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。

这个句子是由一个中心词组not ...nor ...连接起来的,意为既不……也不……”。部分否定通常由not+ all/both/each/everybody/everything等来表达。

温馨提示

并不总是用这种方式表达部分否定,有时也以一般否定句的形式出现,即把否定主语的not与谓语动词放在一起。Not every Welshman speaks Welsh.

并不是每个威尔士人都说威尔士语。

All is not gold that glisters. 发光的并不都是金子。

若要表示全部否定,则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。

all none (一个人也没有、没有任何东西);

both neither (两个都不);every no(没有,不是);everyone no one(没有人);everything nothing(什么也没有)等。

I like neither of the books. 这两本书我都不喜欢。

高手过招

单项填空

—I think the whole class is going on a field trip next Friday.

—I’m not sure.          has paid the transportation fee.      

A. Not everyone              B. No one

C. None of them              D. Neither of us

解析:选AB项与C项为全部否定,意为没有一个人,故排除。D项意为两者都不,不符合语境。A项表示部分否定,意为不是所有人,符合上下文语境,故选A