黄轩的人品怎么样:考研英语词汇复习（72） ： decay、rot、spoil、decompose、currupt

考研英语词汇复习（72）

                              佳中

decay

rot

spoil

decompose

currupt

decay   “腐烂”、“腐败”、“衰退”，指原来完美、完好的有机物体发生破坏性的变化。用于抽象事物时表示由旺盛或良好状态转向衰败、衰弱。decay可用作动词或名词。

1) Vegetables and fruits are liable to decay in the long-distant transport.

          （蔬菜和水果在长途运输中容易腐烂。）

2) As people grow old, they will decay mentally as well as physically.

  （人们年老时脑力和体力和都会退。）

3) The power of Roman Empire was decaying at the time of Nero.

          （罗马帝国的力量在Nero时代衰落。）

4) Many people blame these changes on the decay of traditiona mores.

     (许多人把这些变化归罪与传统道德观念的衰退。)

rot   “腐烂”、“腐败”、“堕落”，指自然而然或由于外部因素影响而腐烂、腐败，多用于动植物之类。rot可用作及物动词表示“使腐烂”“使腐败”。

1) Edible fruits are so plentiful on this island that some of them rot in the trees or on the vine.

          （这个岛上可食水果十分丰富,有些水果甚至腐在树上或藤上。）

2) The house fell in disrepair for too many years and some of its beams and floors began to rot / decay.

          （这所房子多年失修,一些梁和地板开始腐烂。）

3) The continual rain rotted the crop in the field.

          （不停的下雨使作物都腐烂的在田地里。）

spoil    “腐烂”、“变坏”，多指食物的腐败，也可有引申意义表示“破坏”、“弄坏”，用于孩子则表示“惯坏”、“宠坏”。

1) The meat spoiled when we left it out overnight.

   （肉放外面过夜会变坏。）

2) Her husband’s sudden losing temper spoiled what was suuposed to be a pleasurable evening party.

    (她丈夫突然发脾气把本来应该是一个愉快的晚会毁了。)

4) Nowadays, since most of our children are the only child of the family, many parents spoil their children by providing the best possible conditions in material life.

          （如今,由于大多数孩子是家里的独生子女,许多家长总是尽可能提供最好物质生活条件，把孩都宠坏了。）

decompose   “分解”、“腐烂”、“腐败”，本意是“分解”，引申出“腐烂”、“腐败”，相当于decay和 rot。

1) Plastic bags harm the environment because they take a long time to decompose。

             (塑料袋会给环境带来危害, 因为它们要花漫长的时间才分解腐烂。)

2) Dead bodies will immediately start to decompose and spread disease.

           （尸体会很快就会开始腐烂,传播疾病。）

3) In the natural carbon cycle, plants absorb CO2 as they grow. When they die and decomplose, this returns to the atmosphere.

  （在正常的碳循环中，植物生长时会吸收二氧化碳，死亡腐烂后，二氧化碳重新回到大气中。)

corrupt   “腐烂”、“堕落”，“腐败”，也可以表示物的“腐烂”，更多用于指道德、伦理、经济方面的堕落腐败。名词为corruption。

1) A great number of bodies corrupted on the battle field.

     (大量尸体在战场上腐烂。)

2) He is sent to a prison by trying to corrupt the policeman with money.

           （他试图用钱腐化警察，结果被送监狱。）

3) The government pledge that they will resolutely fight against the corruption of officials.

             (政府保证，他们会与官员腐败作坚决的斗争。)