魔域女神满属性是多少:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
◇现在完成时和一般过去时都表示一个在过去完成的动作,但现在完成时强调的是与现在的关系,如对现
在产生的结果或影响等,属于现在时范围,谈论的是现在的情况。而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时
刻发生,不表示和现在的关系,现在情况可能已发生变化。
Who opened the door? (“谁开的门?”只强调过去开门这一动作,门现在可能已关上。)
Who has opened the door? (“谁把门开了?”强调门现在依然还开着。)
◇现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用,如:three days ago, last year, yesterday, last Sunday,
in 2008等等。如句中有以上这些明确的过去时间状语,应用一般过去时。再有,过去发生的一个动作,
如现在情况已经发生的变化,也应用一般过去时。
☆特别提醒:如果这些过去时间状语前有since,表示“自过去某一时间一直延续到现在”,应用现在完
成时。
He finished reading the book the day before yesterday.
I put my ruler in my pencil-box, but I can’t find it now.
My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009.
◇现在完成时不与when引导的特殊疑问句连用,when后只用一般过去时表示已发生的动作。但现在完成
时可与where, why等疑问词连用。如:Where have you been? (你去过哪里了?)
----The train has left.
----When did the train leave?
◇since引导的时间状语从句后面用一般过去时,只有前面的主句才用现在完成时。
We have known each other since we came to the school two years ago.
◇有些时间状语,如this morning, this month, tonight等,既可以与一般过去时连用,又可以与现在完成
时连用,但内涵不同。与一般过去时连用时,表示与“现在”无关,时间已成为过去。而与现在完成时
连用,则表示包括“现在”在内。
I saw him this morning. (时间已不在上午了。)
I have seen him this morning. (说话时间还是上午。)
He lived in New York for eight years. (他现在已经不在纽约住了。)
He has lived in New York for eight years. (他现在还在纽约居住。)
◇同步练习
动词填空:
1. I ___________(see) Tom last Friday.
2. ________you ________(go) to the Great Wall last summer?
3. ----Where ______ you ______(put) my pen?
----I _______(put) it in my pencil-box, but it’s nowhere to be found.
4. When ______ you _______(start) to live in China?
5. ----The train ____________ (leave) already.
----When ________ the train _________(leave)?
6. It is five years since I ________(meet) you last.
7. Where _______ you ______(be) for the last two weeks?
8. I _________ (lose) my pen in the bedroom. I have to write with a pencil.
单项选择:
( ) 1. ----Where _______ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere.
---- I _______ it right here. But now it’s gone!
A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put
C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; have put
( ) 2. My father ________ here since he _______ to this school.
A. taught; came B. has taught; came
C. taught; has come D. has taught; has come
( ) 3. I am sorry you’ve missed the train. It _______ 10 minutes ago. (山东)
A. left B. has left C. has been left D. had left
( ) 4. Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you again! It’s one year since I last ________ you.(重庆)
A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen
( ) 5. ---- Have you visited the Dinosaur World, Elsa? (宁波)
---- Yes, I _____ it yesterday.
A. have visited B. had visited C. visited D. visit
( ) 6. ---- Nice to see you. I _______ you for a long time. (南京)
---- I ______ in Bejing. I’ve just come back.
A. hadn’t seen; am B. haven’t seen; was
C. didn’t see; will be D. haven’t seen; shall be
( ) 7. ----What is the weather like this summer here?
---- There ______ very little rain.
A. has B. has been C. are D. have been
( ) 8. When _____you _______ your dictionary?
A. did; lose B. has; lost C. will; lose D. does; lose
( ) 9. Where ______ you _______? Which answer is not right?
A. are; going B. have; been
C. did; go D. are; doing
( ) 10. There ______ many great changes in my hometown since ten years ago.
A. were B. have C. are D. have been
Keys:
动词填空:
1. saw 2. Did, go 3. have, put, put 4. did, start 5. has left, did, leave 6. met 7. have, been
8. have lost
单项选择:
1~5 BBAAC 6~10 BBADD